Lamellar armour of Korea, 3th ~ 6th centry

A.D late 3th ~ 6th centry many discovered Korean Ion or steal armours discovered toms and battle field site. This age  Korean pennisular and Manchuria in the many nations (Goguryeo, Baekje, Shilla, Gaya, Buyeo, Mahan and many small nations)conquer to another nations.

And Korea-East Manchuria, Stepps, China, Japan, nations international exchange(diplomacy, millitary, commerce, curtual and anothers. )

====================
동환식 찰갑 Donghwan-sik lamellar armour(胴丸式 札甲, Body-rounded type lamellar armour ,Japanese called Domaru-shiki Geiko, Chinese called nothing)
This type is some complex many kind lamellars(about 7 kinds).
Wear to opening front.

-Dongrae Bokcheondong 11#tomb lamellar armour-

①side  ②body  ③waist  ④skirt  ⑤thigh(leg, over knee)  ⑥shin(leg)  ⑦shorder-arm 


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양당식 찰갑 Yangdang-sik lamellar armour( 裲襠式 札甲,  Vest shaped type lamellar armour, Japanese called  Uchikake-shiki Geiko, Chinese called 裲襠鎧 liang dang kai, Two Crotch Armors)
 This type is simple kind of lammellars(about 1~3 kind). shape is similar to vest
 Wear to opening both side

Southern And Northern Dynasties Warriors - man of hand on the shield

Tibetan lamellar illustration -2nd armour

*Ryu Seongryong's armor& Dongrae-uepseong lamellar armour has Yangdang style lamellar armour too.

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Korean reaserchers think discovered in the ancient tombs of the Jjoksaem District of Hwango-dong lamellar armour is Yangdang-sik.
 Because, lammellar kind only 2(Body armour, Gorget 2 kinds only), body armour is separated 2 pieces shaped, Wear to opening both side
Korean reasearchers anounce changed opinion  #➌armour isn't body armour.
Because, discover weist lamellars(Yangdang-sik armour nothing have this lamellar, together only Donghwan-sik lamllar armour).
they said, #➌ lamellar armour is Pants(thig and reg lamellar), #➐is reg protector(lamellar style)

➊soket spear(투겁창[toogeop-chang]/모[mo]矛) ➋horse armour ➌lamellar armour(Body armourpants armour(reg&thig lamellar) ➍gyeong-gap/gorget ➎helmet(Jongjangpan-toogoo / lamellar helmet) ➏shorder armour or vambrace ➐skirt armour or thigh armour reg protector(lamellar style) ➑Sword(Hwandoodae-do/ ring fommel sword) ➒Nokgakbyeong-doja 鹿角柄刀子/ Deer horn shaped dagger

====================
source
Donghwan-sik lamellar armour
-고어핀드의 플리커 Gorekun's flickr http://www.flickr.com/photos/gorekun/3010400128/sizes/l/in/set-72157607819582718/

-국립중앙박물관 National Museum of Korea http://www.museum.go.kr/EngMain.do
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Kyeongjoo discoverd lamellar amrour
-Cultrural Heritage Adminstration of Korea
└ http://cha.korea.kr/gonews/branch.do?act=detailView&dataId=155353010§ionId=mv_sec_1&type=news&flComment=1&flReply=0

-번동아재의 블로그(famous Korean blogger, history of military) http://lyuen.egloos.com/4967153  

-중앙일보 Joongangdaily http://joongangdaily.joins.com/article/view.asp?aid=2907709

-http://blog.joins.com/media/folderListSlide.asp?uid=dangye&folder=4&list_id=10797939

-경북 제일신보 http://www.kbjeil.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=848

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Yangdang type lamellar armour
- http://www.chinahistoryforum.com/index.php?showtopic=4691

-Windwing's blog
http://wiudwing.blogspot.com/2009/05/china-ancient-armours.html

[artifact]Korean helmets at Imjinwar(1592~1599)

Cheom-joo(kattle hat), Gamtoohyeong-toogoo(Mongol style hemet) many used Joseon era

kattle hat. Est Asia(Korean) style
 Kattle hat is remain some artifacts

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Dongraeeup-seong discovered Cheom-joo
This Kattlehat is together discovered lamellar armour in Dongraeup-seong trench site(Busan)

Ryu Seongryong's helmet(Cheom-joo, kattle hat)
This helmet is another shape same kattle hat, but brim is only front side. : )

Gamtoohyeong-toogoo(Gamtoo shaped helmet)
 This style helmet famous using 13~ 19th centries in Eest Asia nations(Mongol-Yuan, Korean- late Goryeo & Joseon, China- Ming, Jurchen/Manchu-Qing)

 General Jeong Gongcheong(1563~1643)'s helmet

+ Gamtoo is Korean traditional cap.

Samyeong Daesa(1544~1610) helmet
 Samyeong Daesa was commander with 승병Seungbyeong(Monk restistance).

+Daesa's meaning Great Buddist Monk
=================================

source

Ryu Seongrong's helmet
-한국의 갑주/ 문화재공보부(현 문화재청) / 1987 Korean armour and helmet / Cultrural Heritage Adminstration of Korea / 1987
└"원문보기"is lead it.  http://www.dlibrary.go.kr/JavaClient/jsp/ndli/full2.jsp?v_kw_str=(한국의 AND 갑주)&v_db=5&v_doc_no=270&mode=1
- 영모각 Yeongmo-gak (Museum of Ryu Seongryong's article left by the deceased )
http://www.hahoe.or.kr/adboard/index.php?doc=program/doc.php&do_id=13

Dongraeup-seong Kattle hat
-Busan Museum
-경남문화재연구원
└ 부산지하철 3호선 수안정차장부지 내 문화유적 발굴조사(2-2차) 현장설명회 자료 Herritage Site Discover Pressentation http://www.gicp.or.kr/ebook/upfile/%BC%F6%BE%C82-2%C2%F7%20%C7%F6%C0%E5%BC%B3%B8%ED%C8%B8%20%C0%DA%B7%E1.pdf
General Jeong Gongcheong's helmet
-Cultrural Heritage Adminstration of Korea
http://jikimi.cha.go.kr/english/search_plaza_new/ECulresult_Db_View.jsp?VdkVgwKey=18,00380000,37

Gamtoo
-Cultrural Heritage Adminstration of Korea
 http://jikimi.cha.go.kr/english/search_plaza_new/ECulresult_Db_View.jsp?VdkVgwKey=18,01173300,33
http://jikimi.cha.go.kr/english/search_plaza_new/ECulresult_Db_View.jsp?VdkVgwKey=18,01173200,33

Samyeong Daesa(1544~1610) helmet

북한문화재자료관 cultural heritage of north Korea http://north.nricp.go.kr/nrth/kor/inx/index.jsp

- 조선유적유물도감(The)illustrated book of ruins and relics of Korea (north. Korea)
- (조선고고학총서 제44권)발해의 유물: 중세편20/ 리창진 저 /평양: 사회과학원 고고학연구소, 2009.
-> This Books in a 통일부자료센터Information Center on North Korea -"The National Library of Korean" floor #5, https://unibook.unikorea.go.kr/new2/index.jsp

[artifact] Late Shilla and Balhae lamellar armour's

1. Balhae lamellar armours

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 Sanggyeongseong site discovered lamellar armour

steal or iron

12.3

Sanggyeongseong site is Royal place of Balhae.

 5th lamellar is decorated

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Cheonghae-toseong site discovered lamellar armour

steal or ion

9cm

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This picture is Sanggyeongseong & Cheonghae-toseong lamellars

#9 and #10 lamellar is decorated = Sanggyeongseong site lamellar #5

#1, 2 Cheonghae-toseong lamellars

#5, 9, 10 Sanggyeongseong lamellars

=================================

Chernyatino tombs discovered lamellar armour

steal or iron

2.7 X 8.8 cm

discovered No.95 tomb

Chernyatino tombs, Chernytino(near Ussuriysk), Primorsky Krai, Russia(Far east)

=================================

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2. Late Shillar lamellar armours

Anap-ji discovered late Shilla lamellar armour

steal or iron

Anap-ji, Gyeongju-si, Gyeongsanbuk-do, Korea(R.O.K/ south)

Anap-ji site is Party place Pond of late Shilla Royal and novel.  

by gorekun

by research report

=================================

Hwawang-sanseong fortress pond site discovered late Shilla lamellar armour

steal or iron

2.7 X 9.3 cm

Hwawang-sanseong, San322, Okcheon-ri, Changnyeong-eup, Changnyeong-goon, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea(R.O.K/ south)

 another age(Joseon era) artifact discovered together

 *This artifact similar to Ryu Seongryong's armour

=================================

simple history of late Shilla and Balhae

+Late Shilla and Balhae is post contries of Korea threa kingdoms(Goguryreo, Baekje, Shilla) age.

 A.D 669, Shilla and Tang overthrow to Baekje(A.D 660) and Goguryeo(A.D 668)

But Tang dynasty want to all territorry of three kingdoms(Manchuria and Korea pennisular). Shilla and Tang fight battle of Maeso-seong(A.D 675) and battle of Gibeor-po(A.D 676). Koreans This war called The War of Na-dang.

Result Shilla is won. Tang is retreat line Dadong-gang river to Wonsan.

 Passed some years. Dae Joyeong and Goguryeo peoples resist Tang dynasty. Tang armies going East Manchuria. But Goguryeo peoples victory  "The Battle of Cheonmoon-ryeong(A.D 698)". Tang armies retreat west Manchuria.

 Dae Joyeong and Peoples revival Goguryeo and naming is "Jin", it's Balhae(A.D 698~926).

 Balhae will be revival Goguryeo teritory and people(+some Malgal tribes = Jurchen encestor).

 Tang dynasty(China) is hate grow up to Balhae contry power, they don't want revival Goguryeo. That because Goguryeo is allied stepp tribe and contries(Turk, Tibet, Khitai, Uigur....)

34 years later Balhae was quenquer to hostile tribes, but Heuksu-malgal(흑수말갈) tirbe(Chinese:  Heishui  Mohe  黑水靺鞨) Joining to Tang, Balhae's King Muwang(name Dae Mu-yeo)attack commander his brother Dae Mun-yeo. 

 But, Mun-yeo is escape and surrunder Tang.
 Balhae was first stliking Tang. Muwang's  army attack Madushan(馬都山,Korean called 마도산Mado-san) , admire Jang Mun-hue's navy attack Dengzhou(登州, Korean called 등주Deung-ju). Jang Munhue has killed Dengzhoucishi(登州刺使, local minister)  Wei Jun(韋俊, Korean called 위준Wui joon)and Tang armies(A.D 732)
 Next time Balhae and Tang enter into friendly relations.

post at dispute Shilla, Balhae and Tang not fight and peaceful. : )

+Balhae has overthrowed by Khatai(A.D 926)

 Shilla was surrunder to Goryeo(A.D 935)

+2. Balhae peoples called it self "고려Goryeo" or "대진Dai(or Dae)-Jin" , Goguryeo peoples called it self "Goryeo" too(5th centry ~ 7th centry-end of contry-). 

+3. Balhae has not local goverment in Tang dynasty, It's false.

 China goverment afraid of future, unify Korea was growing power and exert to Korean-Chinese(朝鮮族[Cháoxiǎnzú], 조선족). China's Northeast Project(and another projects) is Cheks a minority race(Korean, Mongolian). They are verry afraid of China Dividing .

=================================

=================================

source - some times... can searching national liblary home page

Sanggyeongseong lamellar armour , Cheonghae-toseong lamellar armour

- 북한문화재자료관 cultural heritage of north Korea http://north.nricp.go.kr/nrth/kor/inx/index.jsp
 └http://north.nricp.go.kr/nrth/kor/cul/cul_view.jsp?cpsno=1559

- 조선유적유물도감(The)illustrated book of ruins and relics of Korea (north. Korea)

- (조선고고학총서 제44권)발해의 유물: 중세편20/ 리창진 저 /평양: 사회과학원 고고학연구소, 2009.

-> This Books in a  통일부자료센터Information Center on North Korea -"The National Library of Korean" floor #5, https://unibook.unikorea.go.kr/new2/index.jsp    

---------------------------------

Chernyatino lamellar armour

-보고서 research report Chernyatino5 tombs 2 : The 3rd Korean & Russia Balhae ruin research 

연해주 체르냐찌노 5 발해고분군,2 :제3차 한ㆍ러 공동 연해주 발해문화유적 발굴조사 / 정석배 ;Yu.G.니끼친 ;대한민국 문화재청 한국전통문화학교 ;러시아연방 극동국립기술대학교

АРХЕОЛOГИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕЖОВАНИЯ НА МОГИЛЪНИКЕ ЧЕРНЯТИНО 5 В ПРИМОРЪЕ В2005 гожах. v.2 /Ю.Г.Никитин, Чжчн Сук-Бэ

*Korean or Russian lol

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Anap-ji discovered  lamellar armour

- 국립경주박물관 GYEONGJU NATIONAL MUSEUM http://gyeongju.museum.go.kr/ ,

http://gyeongju.museum.go.kr/eng/index.php

- Anapji lamellar armour photo. by 고어핀드gorekun

 └flikr http://www.flickr.com/photos/gorekun/  

 └blog(Korean) http://blog.gorekun.com/

-국립경주문화재연구소GYEONGJU NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CULTURAL HERITAGE http://www.gcp.go.kr/

 -안압지 발굴조사 보고서 Research Report for Anap-ji / 문화재청Cultural Heritage Administration / 1979

---------------------------------

Hwawang-sanseong lamellar armour

- 경남 문화재 연구원(GeongNam Cultural Properties academi) site language Korean only  http://www.gicp.or.kr/#

-(발간보고서 74집)화왕산성연지 / 경남문화재 연구원 / 

  └download page(need long~ time, and it's Korean only) http://www.gicp.or.kr/ebook/upfile/%C1%A674%C1%FD%28%C3%A2%B3%E7%C8%AD%BF%D5%BB%EA%BC%BA%29.pdf

*pdf page 170, 183, 310

=================================

 -I think Korean is berry easy than English. Because I'm Korean! lol

[artifact]Korean armour case

Korean called 갑주함[gapju-ham]




==========

Wooden armour case
- Seoul National University Museum
- Late Joseon dynasty
- Wood on black laqer(korean laqer)

----------


Paper armour case
- Seoul National University Museum
- Late Joseon dynasty
- paper on black laqer(korean laqer)

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Leather armour case
- Korea Army Museum
- Late Joseon dynasty
- Leather on black laqer(korean laqer)

ps. This armou case's similar than Joseon dynasty official uniform case

==========

source

Seoul National University Museum
- http://museum.snu.ac.kr/

Korean Army Museum
- http://museum.kma.ac.kr/kor/mai/mai.jsp


study on armor in Joseon dynasty / Park Ga-young / Seoul National Univertity
- http://www.riss.kr/link?id=T8879442

official uniform case

-Jeonju University Museum
http://museum.jj.ac.kr/kor/sch/sch_src/full.cgi?v_kw_str=&v_db=1&v_doc_no=00001092&opt_s=1  
-Central Museum Kangwon National University Museum
http://museum.kangwon.ac.kr/bbs/board.php?bo_table=relic&wr_id=7400

Korean armour terms

-B-
뼈갑옷(Bbyeo gap-ot) = Bone armour

비갑(Bi-gap), 비박(Bi-bak), = Vamblace, Bracer

비늘갑옷(Bineul gap-ot) = Lamellar armour and scale armour (indefinite word)


-C-
철갑(Cheol-gap) = Ion or Steal armour

찰갑(Chal-gap) = Lamellar armour

첨주(Cheom-ju) = Kattle hat


-D-
드림(Drim) = Aventail

두정갑(Dujeong-gap) =  (Korean style)Brigandine armour

두석린갑(Duseokrin-gap) = Late Joseon era celemonial scale armour


-E-
엄심갑(Eomshim-gap) = Paper and cotton cloth laminating Padded armour


-G-
가죽갑옷(Gajuk gap-ot) : Leather armour

갑주(Gap-ju) = Armour and helmet

갑옷(Gap-ot), ~갑(~Gap) = Armour

경갑(Gyeong-gap) = Neck guard

경번갑(Gyeongbeon-gap) = Mail&Plate armour



-H-
호항(Hohang) = Beaver, gorget

호액(Ho-aek) = Axillaray guard

흉갑(Hyung-gap) = Cuirass


-J-
지갑(Ji-gap) = Paper armour


-M-
목면갑(Mokmyeon-gap),=면갑(Myeon-gap) = (Cotton fabric)Padded armour

말갑옷(Mal Gap-ot) =마갑(Ma-gap) = Horse armour


-N-
내피(Naepi) = liner


-P-
판갑(Pan-gap) = Plate armour

피갑(Pi-gap) : Leather armour


-S-
삼승갑(Samseung-gap) =60-strand (coarse) hemp cloth Padded armour

쇄자갑(Sweja-gap), =사슬갑(Saseul-gap) = Chain-mail / mail


-T-
투구(Tugu, Toogoo), ~주(~Ju) = Helmet

[artifact]Kingdom of Goryeo era lamellar armour

Goryeo is early 10th ~ late 14th centry kingdom of Korea.

This armours artifact of Goryeo era lamellar armours, It's simillar to Est asian contries armours(Tang, Song, Ming(China), Tibet, Mongol, Jurchen(Qing), Khitai(Kara Khitan), another things lol.).

Artifact of Goryeo lamellar armour is rare, only remained 3 kind of lamellars : (

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Mireuksaji lamellar armour

steal
Goryeo era
2.4 X 9.3 cm
2.3 X 5 cm

Mireuksaji Museum Gilyang-ri, Geumma-myeon, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do, Korea(R.O.K / south)
Mireuksa is buddist temple(Using Baekje ~ Goryeo, close Joseon era)

==========
Hakseong-ri armory site lamellar armour

steal
Goryeo era (about 11th centry)
9.3cm
Hakseong-ri armory site, Dongchang-goon, Pyunganbuk-do, Korea( D.P.R.K/ north)

 simillar to Ryu Seongryong armour and Dongraeupseong site discovered lamellar armour

==========

Manwoldae lamellar armour

steal

Goryeo era(about 11th centry)

Manwoldae site, Gaeseong-si, Korea(D.P.R.K north)

Manwoldae is Royal place site of Goryeo

 

==========

source
Hakseong-ri armory lamellar armour
-cultural heritage of north Korea http://north.nricp.go.kr/nrth/kor/inx/index.jsp

- (The)illustrated book of ruins and relics of Korea (north. Korea)

Manwoldae lamellar armour
-Koryo Museum
 -http://blog.ohmynews.com/cornerstone/147557

Mireuksaji lamellar armour
-Mireuksaji Museum
└English http://www.mireuksaji.org/en/
└lamellar armour(Korean) http://www.mireuksaji.org/reli/reli_5100/?1/PS01001008101002456

[artifact]The Kingdom of Joseon era lamellar armours

Korean 7th~19th centry lamellar armours too rare.

Remain Joseon era lamellar armours artifact only 3.

2 armours discovered Batlle of Dongnae site(fragments 1, complate 1), 1 armour hands to down Seongryoung Ryu's descendants.

======================

picure of five celemonies - simillar to Tang, Song, Ming(China), Tibet, Mongol, Jurchen(Qing), Khitai armours(East asia everything- Japen armour-Yoroi is lamellar armour too, but diffurent many collored straps)

======================

discovered Dongnaeupseong-fortress(Busan, Battle of Dongnae)site llamellar armour

The Kingdom of Joseon era

steal

2.0~1.6 X 9.3~9.1 (cm)

5.8~5.25 X 1.8~1.3 (cm)

black laqer(korean laqer)

discovered Busan(Battle of Dongnae)

news(Korean news only, nothing English news ) http://imnews.imbc.com/player/player_vod_ad1.asp

restoration armour

======================

Ryu Seongryong(1542∼1607)'s lamellar armour

leather on black lacquered(Korean lacquer )

3.5 X 10.7 cm

2.7 X 6.8 cm

location

hahoe-ri Pungcheon-myeun Andong-si Gyungsangbuk-do

 

restoration armour

Seongryong Ryu is not Soldier, his a prime minister of the Joseon dynasty.

But he's command to Joseon armies Siege of Pyongyang(Ming commander Li Rusong)

*Ryu is familly name, Seongryoung is first name.  

*Picture of five celemonie lamellar armour can seeing "Oriental Armour/ H. Russel Robinson" -only English lol  : )

* English is my forign language(im Korean, but im not nort Korean.)... difficult~ : (

========================================

source

Ryu Seongryoung lamellar armour

- A Preliminary Investigation for the Restoration of the Shape of Seong-ryong Ryu's Armor / Journal of the Korean Society of Costume Vol.59, No5 (june 2009) pp.1-18

http://img.kisti.re.kr/originalView/originalView.jsp?url=/soc_img/society//ksc/BSHHBV/2009/v59n5/BSHHBV_2009_v59n5_1.pdf

-한국의 갑주/ 문화재공보부(현 문화재청) / 1987 Korean armour and helmet / Cultrural Heritage Adminstration of Korea / 1987

└"원문보기"is lead it.  http://www.dlibrary.go.kr/JavaClient/jsp/ndli/full2.jsp?v_kw_str=(한국의 AND 갑주)&v_db=5&v_doc_no=270&mode=1

- 영모각 Yeongmo-gak (Museum of Ryu Seongryong's article left by the deceased )

http://www.hahoe.or.kr/adboard/index.php?doc=program/doc.php&do_id=13 

------------------------------

Discovered Dongraeupseong site lamellar armour

- (The)armor excavated at the moat of Dongraeup fortress constcted in the first half of Josoen Dynasty / Report on the research of antiquities of Busan / Busan Museum

└http://museum.busan.go.kr/05study/03_02.jsp?amode=view&id=200909301101080002&category=1

-Busan Museum http://engmuseum.busan.go.kr/

------------------------------

Picture of five celemonie

-THE ANNALS OF THE CHOSON DYNASTY

http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.jsp

http://sillok.history.go.kr/etc/english.jsp

 - Oriental armour / H. Russel Robinson

[artifact]Korean bronze age armours

bone lamellar armour -  골제찰갑편-무산호곡유적 출토품

bone armours lamellar
bronze age (B.C 6∼4th Centry)
12.6 X 2.9 (cm)
11.7 X 2.2 (cm)
Pomuigusok(Hogok) Site(Bronze Age Horizon), Musan-gun Hamgyung-do (north)Korea

this armour similar to seiminsko-turbino culture's(siberia) bone lamellar armour
http://history.novosibdom.ru/node/36 

Chuk-chi tribe armor
http://eng.ethnomuseum.ru/gallery1279/1280/2073.htm

==============================
Fragment of bome armour 骨甲片
 Discover google searching(Shangriao city homepage)

 another information is nothing. but similar to Hogok site lamellar(Manchuria ~north Korean pennisular is Gojoseon's territory)

discovered Hutaepyeong site(后太平 遺蹟)

==============================

Bronze vambrace
Bronze age(BC 11th Centry)
Tosong-ri Site,  Bukchung-goon, Hamgyungnam-do (north Korea)

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Bronze helmet (No.2)
Bronze age(BC 8~7th Centry)
Stone-framed Tomb in Ogeumdang(烏金塘Wujintang, Liaoning Manchuria)





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source
another
cultural heritage of north Korea
- http://north.nricp.go.kr/nrth/kor/inx/index.jsp
- http://north.nricp.go.kr/nrth/kor/cul/cul_view.jsp?cpsno=61


-Academy of National Defense&Military(in Ministry of National Defense)
http://www.imhc.mil.kr/imhcroot/index.jsp


-(The)illustrated book of ruins and relics of Korea (north. Korea)vol.2

-The Russian Museum of Ethnography
http://eng.ethnomuseum.ru/gallery1279/1280/2073.htm

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Fragment of Hutaepyeong bone armour 骨甲片
Shuangliao city homepage(China)
-http://www.shuangliao.gov.cn/newju/wentiju/kg/qlfd/200712/1364.html
-http://www.shuangliao.gov.cn/newju/wentiju/UploadFiles_2282/200712/20071206104623996.jpg
-한강고고 4집 Hanriver Archeology vol. 4 / 한강문화재연구원 Hangang institute of Cultural Heritage
 └http://www.hich.or.kr/doc/research_04_view.asp?bno=68&mNum=2&sNum=4